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Informationstheorie_P3/main.py
2024-07-04 18:53:51 +02:00

105 lines
3.2 KiB
Python

import math
def Q_statistik():
with open('Text.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
text = file.read()
freq = {}
for char in text:
if char in freq:
freq[char] += 1
else:
freq[char] = 1
total_chars = sum(freq.values())
prob = {}
info_content = {}
entropy = 0
for char, count in freq.items():
prob[char] = count / total_chars
info_content[char] = -math.log2(prob[char])
entropy += prob[char] * info_content[char]
return freq, prob, info_content, entropy
def fano_encoder(probabilities):
# Key = probability im Dictionary
sorted_probs = sorted(probabilities.items(), key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
def fano_recursive(symbols):
if len(symbols) == 1: # Keine neuen Teilmengen möglich
return {symbols[0][0]: ""}
total = sum([symbol[1] for symbol in symbols])
acc = 0
split_index = 0
for i in range(len(symbols)):
acc += symbols[i][1]
if acc >= total / 2:
split_index = i
break
left_symbols = symbols[:split_index + 1]
right_symbols = symbols[split_index + 1:]
left_codes = fano_recursive(left_symbols)
right_codes = fano_recursive(right_symbols)
for key in left_codes:
left_codes[key] = '0' + left_codes[key]
for key in right_codes:
right_codes[key] = '1' + right_codes[key]
left_codes.update(right_codes)
return left_codes
return fano_recursive(sorted_probs)
def Q_Fanoencoder(input_path='Text.txt', output_path='EncodedText.txt'):
_, probabilities, _, _ = Q_statistik()
fano_codes = fano_encoder(probabilities)
with open(input_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
text = file.read()
encoded_text = ''.join([fano_codes[char] for char in text])
with open(output_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as file:
file.write(encoded_text)
return text, encoded_text, fano_codes
def calculate_compression_rate(original_text, encoded_text, fano_codes):
original_length_bits = len(original_text) * 8
encoded_length_bits = len(encoded_text)
code_table_bits = sum([len(code) for code in fano_codes.values()]) * 8 + len(fano_codes) * 8
total_encoded_bits = encoded_length_bits + code_table_bits
compression_rate = (original_length_bits - total_encoded_bits) / original_length_bits * 100
return original_length_bits, total_encoded_bits, compression_rate
def main():
frequencies, probabilities, information_content, entropy = Q_statistik()
print("Häufigkeiten:", frequencies)
print("Wahrscheinlichkeiten:", probabilities)
print("Informationsgehalt:", information_content)
print("Entropie:", entropy)
original_text, encoded_text, fano_codes = Q_Fanoencoder()
original_length_bits, total_encoded_bits, compression_rate = (
calculate_compression_rate(original_text, encoded_text, fano_codes)
)
print(f"Originale Länge in Bits: {original_length_bits}")
print(f"Gesamte codierte Länge in Bits (inkl. Codetabelle): {total_encoded_bits}")
print(f"Kompressionsrate: {compression_rate:.2f}%")
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()